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Ethics of Artificial Intelligence | A Gap in Code

Ethics of Artificial Intelligence is there A Gap in Code? In order to automate repetitive tasks, make accurate predictions and even support creative applications, we use artificial intelligence in many areas of our daily lives, often without even realizing it, and artificial intelligence is rapidly becoming a sine qua non of our lives. Let artificial intelligence continue to sweep the world in the light of recent developments; Current AI systems also raise many concerns about bias, privacy, and intellectual property rights.

Ethics of Artificial Intelligence | A Gap in Code

Besides the skills of artificial intelligence and the speed of analyzing huge amounts of data and solving difficulties; It also raises the initial flaws that are tangibly visible, but fears that it’s progressing uncontrollably. Just a few weeks ago, I referred to the open letter Elon Musk and leading tech leaders released as the results of a pause, and shared their growing concerns that AI could threaten not just businesses but humanity as well. As artificial intelligence develops, other problems will arise. The key to these statements is in linking the promises of artificial intelligence with the risks.

Can artificial intelligence have an ethical understanding?

The most fundamental problem with artificial intelligence ethics is; it’s a dilemma between the ethical values we have as human beings and the imitation of those values by algorithms and code. As human beings, we have a number of value judgments, although they differ; to freedom and independence, to order and peace; we value cooperation and privacy, confidentiality and accountability. Integrating these values into an AI program increases our responsibility to question these programs. We need to be more inquisitive about how these programs work, how they differ compared to other programs, which rules are fixed and which are variable…

What should we understand from AI ethics?

In its most basic definition, AI ethics refers to the determination of the general principles, moral principles, and value judgments that govern the development and use of AI. The increasing use of AI and the rapid increase in its application areas, the increasing biases as a result of its use, and a number of problematic results dramatically reveal how much we need AI ethics. Therefore, the rules for AI ethics should be determined and implemented from the very beginning, from the design and development stage. However, the main problem is the lack of a generally accepted consensus on what AI ethics are or how to apply them.

AI can only be as ethical as the people who develop and disseminate it…

One of the main concerns in AI is bias. AI algorithms are only as unbiased as the data they are trained on. If the data set is biased, then no doubt AI will also have biases. One of the most striking examples in this regard is the decision to stop the project in 2018 on the grounds that the AI system used by Amazon in recruitment has a bias.

Five overall focuses on AI ethics stand out: transparency, fairness and equality, non-harm, responsibility and privacy. In addition, it is necessary to seriously examine the structural limits of AI programs and the data sets in which these programs are trained.

A key concern in AI ethics focus is transparency.

Many AI systems are being developed in what could be described as a closed box, and it’s getting harder and harder to make sense of how it arrives at the conclusions or judgments it shares with us. Doubts about transparency also make it difficult to identify and address biases or errors in AI systems. For example, in 2020 the UK government came under criticism for using a “secret” algorithm to determine students’ grades during the Covid-19 pandemic. The algorithm was especially criticized for being biased against disadvantaged students and not being transparent.

AI’s ability to personalize is also raising ethical concerns. Although personalization is a feature requested by customers and brings many advantages in terms of improving the customer experience, it causes users to be directed to certain opinions because it filters and ranks content. This situation has very important consequences such as polarization in society and the fact that users are not open to new ideas and opinions.

Situation causes ethical problems! Ethics of Artificial Intelligence!

The so-called “rabbit hole” effect uses AI and machine learning to suggest content only to users based on their wishes and previous preferences. This approach, which is the opposite of diversity and social values, increases the tendency to radical views. This situation causes ethical problems that affect not only individuals but also society as a whole.

Just as AI can be used to prevent thefts or control the spread of viruses, it can also serve the purpose of violating or surveilling a person’s right to privacy. In this regard, we can give as an example in China the quarantine measures implemented with facial recognition during the pandemic period or the social credit system to prevent access to a current social services by analyzing the behavior of citizens.

Real or not? Ethics of Artificial Intelligence!

It is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish the content or videos created with Deepfakes from the real ones.

This can cause really serious ethical problems. The spread of misinformation by such content can manipulate general societal judgments and harass or defame individuals.

For example, a deepfake video showing a political candidate saying or doing something he didn’t actually say or do can manipulate public opinion and interfere with the democratic process.

Another ethical concern is that deepfakes may harass or defame individuals by creating and disseminating fake images or videos that portray individuals in a negative or embarrassing way.

We are entering an era where we need to focus on what we need to do right rather than what we can do with AI.

Ethical consequences for AI Systems

AI systems, which are currently being developed and turned into a great race, are generally channeled into optimizing a specific task; however, it does not take into account the ethical consequences in doing so. For example, routes set for a more efficient distribution system may suggest routes that are more efficient but ignore the impact on the environment or communities.

So what are the ethical concerns about generative AI, the most popular topic of recent times?
Alongside the general ethical debate around AI, the generative AI sparked by ChatGPT has also sparked new debates around AI ethics. Some of them are:

Accuracy of responses! Ethics of Artificial Intelligence!

Generative AI is leveraging machine learning to infer information, which leads to acceptance of potential flaws. Also, pre-trained big language models like ChatGPT aren’t dynamic in terms of keeping up with new information.

Recently, language models have become more persuasive and meaningful in conversations. However, this competence can also be used to spread false details and even invent lies. For example, systems can generate credible conspiracy theories that can cause great harm or spread information about superstitions. For example, when ChatGPT is asked “What happens if you break the mirror?”, it can respond with “You won’t be lucky for seven years.” Research shows that, on average, most productive models are currently accurate only 25 percent of the time.

Therefore, before using productive AI tools and products, organizations and individuals must independently assess the authenticity and accuracy of the information they produce.

Copyright Ambiguities! Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

Another ethical concern about generative AI is uncertainty over the copyright of content produced by AI. With the increasing use of artificial intelligence in the art world, traditional artists and art critics have begun to question the place of AI in art and the position of artists. AI also needs to discuss in depth the artistic and intellectual ownership of art. Apps like DALL-E create brand new images or visuals, but ultimately make use of a large number of images created by different artists and accessible to everyone to create new works without paying the original artists. This is a topic of discussion in itself.

Copyright concerns in AI art focus on three questions:

  • Are AI-generated works eligible for copyright protection?
  • Who will own the ownership rights to the created content?
  • Can the generated data be used to train new data?

As with any disruptive new technology, AI is evolving and entering our lives with threats as well as many opportunities. AI is a trend that needs to be analyzed in terms of its impact on humanity compared to other technologies and needs to be handled quite carefully. As noted in the article “How to Be Wisely Concerned About AI” in The Economist, a measured approach to AI focus today can provide the foundations on which more rules can be added in the future. But it’s time to start building those foundations…

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